This work-in-progress empirical research paper uses longitudinal interview data to examine students’ decision-making processes in leaving engineering majors. Previous research has presented many reasons why students may leave STEM and engineering: “chilly climates” for students from marginalized backgrounds, difficulty transitioning to college, poor teaching, curriculum design, and cost (financial and time) are among the most cited reasons for switching out of STEM majors. In contrast, engineering education research indicates that engineering identity is pivotal in engineering persistence. This study uses engineering role identity as a conceptual framework to explore the research question: how do students describe their decision-making processes to stay in or leave engineering? By focusing on students’ interpretations of their undergraduate experiences, this study hopes to go beyond established factors that commonly contribute to attrition. The data for this study were derived from a multi-institutional project that implements a belonging intervention in introductory STEM courses. The sample used in this study includes longitudinal interview data over four semesters (including prior to and after attrition) from seven participants at one of the study sites, a predominantly white institution (PWI). The findings of this study extend the existing literature on retention in engineering through a longitudinal analysis of narratives. By centering students’ voices through constructing stories, this study aims to understand students’ experiences and decision-making that led to their decision to leave engineering. An initial thematic analysis revealed that challenges to engineering identity may trigger decision-making process to stay in/leave engineering. Future analysis will include reviewing transcripts of additional participants and construction of composite narratives. These narratives will provide a deeper understanding of not only why students leave engineering but how they make meaning of the decision-making process along the way. Understanding this decision-making process will add to engineering retention literature and is vital to designing support systems to help students reach the right choice for them earlier in the process, easing their path through choice/change to career.
The full paper will be available to logged in and registered conference attendees once the conference starts on June 22, 2025, and to all visitors after the conference ends on June 25, 2025