We explore how automated just-in-time feedback, unlimited submission attempts, and optional no-credit programming assignments impact student engagement, course performance, and academic integrity in an undergraduate introductory computer programming course for engineers. An interactive browser-based coding platform called MATLAB Grader was used to provide customized actionable feedback to students as they develop their solutions to homework, practice, and exam problems. Statistical analysis of students’ engagement with the no-credit assignments and their academic performance reveals a positive correlation between students’ level of engagement with the optional exercises and their course scores and grade point average. Female students were found significantly more likely to engage with the optional exercises compared to their male peers, despite the GPA distributions of the two groups being very similar. URM students were found to be significantly less inclined than non-URM students to take advantage of the zero-credit instant-feedback practice opportunities. A significant difference in final exam scores was likewise observed between URM and non-URM students, with the latter group receiving the higher marks. The significance of the differences could not be adequately explained by differences in GPA alone. Analysis of students’ survey responses shows that real-time feedback and unlimited submission attempts helped students assess their learning progress and motivated them to continuously improve their solutions. Instant feedback and unlimited submission attempts were regarded by students as likely having positively impacted academic integrity in the course. The effect of automated feedback and optional assignments on students’ need to visit office hours is explored. Implications for future pedagogical practice and research are discussed.
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