2025 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition

A Model of Increased Female Engineering Persistence to Graduation

Presented at Persistence, Outcomes and Barriers for Women in Engineering

At Loyola University Chicago (LUC), the B.S. Engineering program graduates about 50% women annually. After receiving ABET accreditation in 2020, LUC began participating in the ASEE annual survey and was ranked #6 in 2020 (52%), #6 in 2021 (58%), and #5 in 2022 (54%) for Percentage Bachelor’s Degrees Awarded to Women. The program graduates 20 to 30 students per year.

Based on internal student surveys, female students enroll because they are drawn to the collaborative environment of the program. Based on first- and second-year student completion of the Longitudinal Assessment of Engineering Self-Efficacy, women begin the program with lower levels of self-efficacy but stay in engineering at similar rates as men.
In this paper, program structural supports, particularly those administered during the first undergraduate semester, are described that mitigate the chilly climate of engineering as an unwelcome space for women. A new theoretical framework, the BELONG (Becoming Engineers Leading Our Next Generation) Conceptual Model of Engineering Persistence, is proposed that describes the program. The model is based on social cognitive career theory and incorporates program structural supports as model inputs and the sense of belonging construct as a precursor to engineering persistence.

As a first step towards model validation, six structured interviews with self-identified women of Color in the Class of 2028 were conducted to gain a nuanced understanding of their program experiences during their first semester. Researchers used emergent, focused, and thematic coding to eliminate inconsistent findings, search for patterns, and generate dominant themes. Subsequent analysis elucidated student experiences and understandings of engineering self-efficacy, outcome expectations, interests, experiences of program supports and sense of belonging, and helped to provide a more nuanced understanding of their engineering education experiences. Data from this study support the efficacy of the BELONG model, a structural solution that addresses the exclusion of women, in attracting and potentially retaining women and women of Color in engineering.

Authors
  1. Dr. Gail Baura Loyola University Chicago [biography]
  2. Matthew J Miller Loyola University Chicago [biography]
  3. Leanne Kallemeyn Loyola University Chicago [biography]
  4. Andrea Hércules Loyola University Chicago [biography]
  5. Erika Esmeralda de la Riva Loyola University Chicago [biography]
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For those interested in:

  • Broadening Participation in Engineering and Engineering Technology
  • engineering
  • gender
  • undergraduate